Francis Johnson (1792-1844) was an important figure in the development of American music in the first half of the 19th century. Born a free Black in Philadelphia in 1792, although some accounts report his birth place as Martinique , he was one of the the first African-Americans to publish music in this country, and possibly the first American of any color to tour Europe as a musician, where he played for Queen Victoria of England.He returned to America and was the first musician to introduce "promenade concerts" to Philadelphia audiences in the 1840s. As a composer, he wrote more than 300 pieces, many of which survive to the present